Planets need friends?

Friends are one of the best things in the world and sometimes, when we haven’t seen our friends in awhile, we can get pretty lonely. Did you know that a bunch of planets are considered lonely too? A team of astronomers recently discovered that space is filled with hundreds of billions of these lonely planets, celestial bodies that were kicked out of their original planetary systems.


This came as a surprise to the scientists who had previously believed only about 10 or 20% of stars had planets of this type. In fact, there are 2 Jupiter-sized planets floating around for each of the 200 billion stars in the Milky Way galaxy. This knowledge helps scientists understand more about how such planets form.

In the last 20 years, 500 planets have been identified that are currently circling other stars and this year, scientists announced there are 1,235 more! This information was found using NASA’s Kepler satellite. The lonely planets were found with a method called gravitational microlensing. It uses gravitational fields of massive objects to bend light and act as a magnifying lens.

The light is then monitored for little spots of brightness which are caused by a planet and its host star passing by. Because of the mass of these planets being so close to that of Jupiter, scientists don’t feel there is much chance for life on them. All of this helps scientists understand more about our own solar system and will probably lead to several new theories about planetary formation.

(original image via flickr, with permission to remix)

A Young Old Galaxy

As a kid, there are probably things you haven’t done yet. They might include drive a car, get a job, or have your own money. Maybe you wish you were older so you could do these things. Most adults will tell you they wish they were young again. Some begin to dread their birthdays’ arrival. Young or old, age is really more a state of mind. If you stay young at heart, it doesn’t matter how many candles are on your cake.

While we might have a certain idea about which ages are considered young and which are considered old, when it comes to galaxies, even the oldest person alive is still just a baby by comparison. NASA’s Hubble Space Telescope recently identified a new galaxy that is quite young, as galaxies go. Its stars formed about 13.5 billion years ago

Galaxies like this one are usually hard to study, but because of a huge cluster of galaxies in front of it, it is actually easy to see. Through an occurrence called gravitational lensing, the young galaxy’s image is being magnified. This causes it to be 11 times brighter than it really is. Scientists are hoping this galaxy will help them learn more about when the first galaxies came to be.

{image 1 credit: NASA, ESA, CRAL, LAM, STScI}